Multifunctional Platforms: Metal-Organic Frameworks for Cutaneous and Cosmetic Treatment

•A systemic assay package was developed to seek MOFs for biomedical applications•Fe-based exhibited superb features that are suitable cutaneous treatment•The relationship between MOFs’ structure and their performance in-depth analyzed•This study provides guidance design materials treatment Nowadays, has been widely applied in the cosmetic pharmaceutical fields. However, traditional used often showed low efficiency limited applications due monotonous structures functionalities. Developing new with multifunctionalities properties is urgently needed. Our addresses this issue by constructing a versatile MOF-based platform, which presents avoids introduction of unnecessary additives preparation. More importantly, evaluation systems can be broadly comprehensive screening biocompatible multifunctional platforms field provide valuable advanced materials. Cutaneous possesses advantages, including decrease transient drug overdosage or systematic side effects. The evolution overcome limitations existing bring revolutionary development field. A promising solution turn emerging known as metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), featuring high porosity, easy modification, multifunctionality. work herein applications. Versatile based on were built, integrated functions features, biocompatibilities, sebum adsorbability, selective adsorption, antimicrobial activity, controlled release, skin permeability promotion. Such endow high-performance matrixes This paves avenue reformation biomedicinal Moreover, MOF system material field, also Skin, largest organ our body, offers an efficient safe route administration. administration1Prausnitz M.R. Langer R. Transdermal delivery.Nat. Biotechnol. 2008; 26: 1261-1268Crossref PubMed Scopus (1828) Google Scholar avoid overdosage, prevent degradation caused hepatic first-pass metabolism, effects, concentrate active substances at targeted lesion.2Ita K.B. delivery: progress challenges.J. Drug Deliv. Sci. 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Biocompatibility foremost factor applications, especially susceptible population. selected evaluated. cytotoxicity human dermal fibroblasts (HDF) (Figure S5A), 3T3 S5B), Hela S5C) cell lines. 50% cytotoxic con1 centration (CC50) values listed Table 1. inversely proportional CC50 value. MIL-101(Fe) PCN-333(Fe) representatives experiments longer exposure times cells. results there no significant difference after incubation 24 h compared 4 S5D–S5F). Among tested MOFs, Zn-based highest (ZIF-11(Zn): = 60 ± 20 μg/mL; (Hela) 9 (3T3) 15 μg/mL), followed Cu-based (HKUST-1(Cu): 1,140 340 620 210 560 160 μg/mL). could attributed particles, prohibited -uptake guaranteed safety Overall, Fe-, Zr-, Al-based suggest matrixes.Table 1The (μg/mL) Values Different MOFsHDF3T3HelaZIF-11(Zn)60 2060 1520 9HKUST-1(Cu)1,140 340560 160620 210PCN-333(Fe)7,230 6904,660 2204,430 1,140PCN-333(Al)6,610 6503,820 6703,840 740MIL-101(Fe)>7,2004,920 4106,030 60MIL-101-NH2(Fe)>7,2005,790± 4205,930 390MIL-101-NO2(Fe)>7,200>7,200>6,400MIL-101-CH3(Fe)>7,200>8,400>7,200MIL-101-Br (Fe)>7,200>9,000>8,400MIL-100(Fe)>7,200>9,600>7,200MOF-808(Zr)>6,400>7,200>7,200UiO-66(Zr)>7,200>7,200>6,400MIL-53(Al)>6,4003,690 4505,160 920 Open table tab Furthermore, hemolysis behavior blood cells irritation test investigate biocompatibilities. Briefly, different concentrations co-cultured red (RBC) 1, 2, 37°C. After centrifugation, absorbance supernatant 540 nm measured microplate reader. Figures 1 S6 show hemolytic Al-, Zn- much lower than clinical standard (5%). HKUST-1 not successfully obtained its decomposition resulted from stability.42Álvarez Sánchez-González E. Pérez Schneider-Revueltas Martínez Tejeda-Cruz al.Structure towards ethanol properties.Dalton Trans. 9192-9200Crossref Scholar,43DeCoste J.B. G.W. Schindler B.J. Killops K.L. Browe M.A. Mahle J.J. adsorption carboxylate Cu-BTC, Mg-MOF-74, UiO-66.J. 11922-11932Crossref (346) them, Fe-based lowest rate, 3.0% even concentration 2.0 mg/mL incubated h. These implied MOFs.44Grall Hidalgo Delic Garcia-Marquez Chevillard vitro (III; Fe, Al, Cr) trimesate nanocarriers.J. 8279-8292Crossref tests mice presented erythema edema treating indicating allergenicity S7). results, together tests, those offer higher treatment. Absorbability crucial Excess accumulation secretions enact pathological reactions, seborrheic dermatitis45Paulino L.C. 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Notably, (42 55 Å) area (BET: 2,770 m2/g) displayed uptake among We investigated influences capacities. variants substituent groups, -NH2, -NO2, -CH3, -Br terephthalate ligands, ability pristine S12), factors: (1) repellent groups ( -Br, - NO2, -CH3) enhance affinity hydrophobic sebum; (2) -NH2 group form hydrogen bonding interaction molecules, carbonyl group.47Hansch Leo Unger S.H. Kim K.H. Nikaitani Lien E.J. Aromatic constants structure-activity correlations.J. 1973; 1207-1216Crossref (1368) Scholar,48Seo P.W. Bhadra B.N. Ahmed Khan N.A. Jhung Adsorptive removal pharmaceuticals personal care products functionalized frameworks: remarkable adsorbents hydrogen-bonding abilities.Sci. Rep. 34462Crossref (133) centers present influence versus PCN-333(Al)). It preferable keep skin’s moisture eliminating excess (oil).49Musthaq Mazuy Jakus microbiome dermatology.Clin. 36: 390-398Abstract (21) toward water/triglycerides representatives. mixture triglycerides water, respectively. PCN-333(Fe), ratio lipid/water decreased nearly 2) stained Sudan Ⅳ comparison), means 80% effectively removed only 20% adsorbed. similar selectively adsorbed over water. carried out comparison. less oil S13). capability, eliminate harmful without resulting roughness. drug/active (particularly stratum corneum) critical bioavailability. (PCN-333 MIL-101 series MOFs) promote skin. fluorescent rhodamine B (RhB) molecule. treated pure RhB-loaded 12 depth RhB tracked confocal laser (CSLM), directly fluorescence intensity RhB. S14) revealed experimental (skin series) more penetrate penetrated deeper groups. notable MIL-101-CH3(Fe) MIL-101(Fe), 3 4). well releasing S15). major barrier corneum, keratinocytes lipids. superior capacities greatly sebum, lipid, other wastes expose corneum increase contact better penetration. drug-releasing another key For instance, best release hence leading outstanding skin-penetration promotion makes preeminent candidates matrix.Figure 4The Results Permeability Promoting Capacity Series MOFs.Show full captionMFIExp/MFICon Mean group/Mean group.View Large Image Figure ViewerDownload Hi-res image Download (PPT) MFIExp/MFICon group. Microbes mainly responsible infections during rot patches/cutaneous agents. Microorganisms inhabit cause diseases dermatitis ulcer).50Nakatsuji T.H. Narala Chun K.A. Two A.M. Yun al.Antimicrobials commensal bacteria protect against Staphylococcus aureus deficient atopic dermatitis.Sci. Transl. eaah4680Crossref (442) Scholar,51Lei photodynamic ulcers limbs infected Pseudomonas aeruginosa.Arch. 307: 49-55Crossref (49) antibiotics preservatives patches, lead unexpected resistance, toxicity, irritation. activities evaluate if they inherently inhibit growth undesirable microbes extra additives. Escherichia coli (E. coli), (S. aureus), aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa) determine minimum inhibition (MIC) 2. ZIF-11(Zn), HKUST-1(Cu), MIL-101-NH2(Fe) distinguished activities, Gram-positive bacteria. particle sizes S23–S25) investigated, represented ZIF-11(Zn). activity ZIF-11(Zn) small (Table S1). solubilization speed ICP-OES (inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry) test. trace (<0.15%) ions exuded h, smaller S2). it assumed both contacting possibility dissolution particles account activity. remain important nosocomial wound infections,52Grice E.A. Segre J.A. microbiome.Nat. Microbiol. 244-253Crossref (1570) Scholar,53Bunce Wheeler Reed Musser Barg Murine infection cocci.Infect. Immun. 1992; 60: 2636-2640Crossref superbacteria, MRSA (Methicillin-resistant VISA (vancomycin-intermediate PNSP (Penicillin-nonsusceptible pneumonia) Thus, matrix addition additives, risk effect.Table 2The MIC (mg/L) MOFsStaphylococcus aureusEscherichia coliPseudomonas aeruginosaZIF-11(Zn)150180350HKUST-1(Cu)400>1,000>1,000PCN-333(Fe)300560450PCN-333(Al)>360>1,000>1,000MIL-101(Fe)300>630500MIL-101-NH2(Fe)280>620430MIL-101-NO2(Fe)>600>900>900MIL-101-CH3(Fe)>650>900>900MIL-101-Br(Fe)>700>900>900MIL-100(Fe)>360>630>620MOF-808(Zr)>810>1,000>1,000UiO-66(Zr)>720>1,000>1,000 abundant sites them loading control-releasing property. study, (MIL-101(Fe), PCN-333(Fe)) procyanidine indomethacin (two treatment) diatomite because common As shown 5, diatomite. S16) S17). change PXRD patterns observed S16), terms procyanidine, entrapment 67%, 0.80 mg/mg 0.67 mg/mg, respectively, (0.03 mg/mg) 2000 (trace). correlated window/pore S3). lack guest (BET ∼23 m2/g).54Liu Fan Gong Guo al.Synthesis ZnFe2O4/SiO2 composites derived template.Bioinspir. Biomim. 2007; 30-35Crossref (14) rates result S18). order kinetics, released time frames. completely ∼120 130 72% 60% ∼130 100 MIL-101(Fe)’s slow window (∼12 Å)34Férey (26 30 Å).41Feng “burst effect” effects bioavailability substances. sleeping masks, perfume, burn ointment). evaluation, platform On one hand, biocompatibility, S19–S21; S3), guarantees reliable satisfactory entitle enhanced enhancers, liner, preservatives). cost reagents Fe salts) large-scale synthesis fine chemicals, cosmetics, matrix. functionality promotes customized meet specific requirements distinct preparations Finally, demonstrate peeling cleaning facial mask fabricated S22). patch, formula optimization commercial ongoing lab. conclusion, efficiently built exhibit capacity, promotion, control-release ideal guided understanding principles rational irons direct biocompatibilities corresponding closely design, synthesis,